UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL BULLETIN

 

ANNOUNCEMENT

 

Florida International University

 

University Graduate School

 

Doctoral Dissertation Defense

 

Abstract

 

The Effects of Climate on the Growth and Physiology of Tropical Rainforest Canopy Trees

 

by

 

Joseph John O’Brien

 

 

Tropical rainforests account for more than a third of global net primary production and contain more than half of the global forest carbon. Understanding the link between current climate and rainforest tree growth, a major component of forest productivity, will be crucial to efforts at modeling future climate and rainforest response to climate change. Studies of yearly tree growth find similar variation across several species suggesting a climatic cause, but attempts at linking the annual variation of rainforest tree growth and weather have been unsuccessful. Possible causes of this failure include important sub-annual variation in tree responses or other previously unmeasured variables.

 

This work reports the physiological and growth responses to micrometeorological and phenological states of ten species of canopy trees in a Costa Rican wet tropical forest at sub-annual time intervals. I measured tree growth using band dendrometers and estimated leaf and reproductive phenological states monthly. Electronic data loggers recorded xylem sap flow (an indicator of photosynthetic rate) and weather at half-hour intervals.

 

My analysis of xylem sap flow showed that physiological responses were independent of species, which allowed me to construct a general model of weather driven sap flow rates. Leaf phenology was linked to growth in four of the ten species, with two of these species showing a link between leaf phenology and weather. Combining the results of the sap flow model, growth and the climate measures showed variable correlations between weather and growth among the species. Rainfall and nighttime temperatures were the best predictors of growth.

 

 

Date: November 7, 2001

Department: Biological Sciences

 

Time: 9:30 A.M.

Major Professor: Steven F. Oberbauer, Ph.D

 

Location: ECS 138