Reading Assignment: POHS pp. 903 - 926
Self Quiz: 1-10
Applying Concepts: 1-3, 5
Additional Thought Question:
Lecture outline:
Definitions
nervous system
3 basic components
neuron
nerve impulse
Diversity of nervous systems
nerve nets
ganglia
vertebrate nervous system
central nervous system (CNS)
peripheral nervous system (PNS)
enteric nervous system
Neurons - functional unit of the nervous system
- electrically excitable membrane
- typically possess 4 regions: cell body, dendrite,
axon and axon terminal
- synapse
Glia - support cells of the nervous system
function
types
myelinating: Schwann (PNS) and oligodendrocytes (CNS)
astrocytes
Electrical concepts
membrane potential
resting potential
action potential (nerve impulse)
voltage (potential)
current
major ions
Ion pumps and channels
membrane pumps
Na-K
ion channels
voltage-gated
stimulus-gated
receptor
non-gated ("leak")
Establishment of the resting potential
resting potential established when electrical and gradient forces
of K+ ions are in equillibrium
significance
Changes in membrane potential
hyperpolarization
depolarization
action potential
defining characteristics
reversal of membrane polarity
all-or-none event
generation
role of voltage-gated Na+ and K+ channels
refraction
propagation
Conduction velocity
axon diameter
myelination
Synapses
definition
types
electric
chemical
gated ion
excitatory - EPSP
inhibitory - IPSP
secondary messenger
fundamental theorem: Outcome (depoarization, hyperpolarization,
etc.)of a synaptic event is determined by the
post-synaptic cell
decision making by the neuron
spatial summation
temporal summation
The neuromuscular junction as an example of an excitatory chemical synapse
neurotransmitter
structure
presynaptic
synaptic cleft
postsynaptic
AChE
mechanism of transmission
Neurotransmitter diversity
Neurons in circuits
reflexes as the simples form of behavior
monosynaptic reflex
role of interneurons
Topics not covered in lecture for which you will be responsible:
patch clamping pp. 912-914 presynaptic excitation and inhibition p. 919 neurotransmitter clearing mechanisms p. 922 Aplysia as a model system for learning and memory p. 922